Breast cancer - Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers for women. In the U.S., they develop approximately 180,000 women per year. The disease can occur in men, although male breast cancer makes the less than 1 in 100 cases. Is the risk increases with age, doubling every 10 years.

The disease is usually diagnosed in women over 50 years. Very few women under 30 years to develop it. Despite the rise in incidence, it has a small decrease in the number of deathsdeadly in recent years and only about one fifth of the cases. This decline is attributable to improvements in treatment and the increased use of mammography for early detection, which means that tumors can be detected early, when they often respond well to treatment.

Screening can reduce the number of deaths among women over 50 years by up to 4 to 10 In the U.S., many doctors recommend that women over 40 years, a mammogram every 1-2 years, and every year over 50 years. A cancer may firstDevelopment in the breast lobules (the structures in the breast that produce milk). A tumor that arises in the milk ducts may cause Paget's disease of the breast. Tumors can spread to other organs like the lungs or the liver before being discovered.

It is a cancer that originate in the breast tissue of women and men. It can affect the lymph nodes under the arm before the diagnosis. In advanced disease may see metastases in many organs of the body, including bone, brain, lung,Liver and skin.

Causes:

The underlying cause of most is unclear. However, some risk factors have been identified, many of which suggest that the female hormone estrogen is an important factor for the development and progress of the disease. It is known that women who have their first menstrual period before age of 11, or late menopause, seem at increased risk of developing this cancer are probably because of high levels of estrogen for longer suspended. TheNumber of menstrual cycles before a first pregnancy is also important. And a woman who had their first child before 20 Age has a chance. Breast feeding is thought to have an additional protective effect.

Risk factors for the development are

. Early onset of menses or late menopause

. First pregnancy after 30 Age

. Family history of disease

. Exposure

Possible risk factors are

. High-fat diet

. Too much alcoholAdmission

. Estrogen replacement therapy

. Use of oral contraceptives

Symptoms:

It is usually manifest itself as a painless lump somewhere in the chest or under the arm. Occasionally, the symptoms can be subtle, such as:

. A Nipple

. Bloody discharge from the nipple

. Make changes in the skin over the breast it resembles the skin of an orange.

Diagnosis:

Any chest pain or lumps felt on physical examination bya woman or her doctor and any lumps found on mammography) (x-ray should be considered for a biopsy. Lump seen on mammography, but is not readily available in the investigation can not be located by ultrasound or mammogram to biopsy. If a diagnosis is established, the trial operation tests:

. Liver

. Alkaline Phosphates check test for bone disease

. Chest X-ray (radiography)

. Bone Scan (Nuclear Medicine)

Complications:

Complications of itwith areas of metastases in context:

. Metastases to the bones it can cause pain, broken bones or elevated calcium levels in the blood.

. Metastases in the brain or spinal cord can cause spasms, headache, weakness, numbness or confusion.

. Metastases in the lungs can cause shortness of breath, chest pain, or swelling of the face and neck.

Catering: Self treatment:

. A balanced diet should be maintained. Once the diagnosis of it is done all estrogen drugsshould be discontinued, including the birth control pill.

Medical treatment:

Many women will require additional drug therapy after surgery to prevent the return. Either) tamoxifen (a hormonal pill) or chemotherapy (intravenous medications are recommended, depending on the type of tumor. Advanced case is treated with chemotherapy or hormone therapy.

Surgical treatment:

Two alternative initial treatments for them are:

. Lumpectomy with lymph node dissectionfollowed by radiation therapy to the chest.

. Mastectomy (mastectomy, or partial mastectomy, modified radical)

Prevention:

Early detection of animal it is through regular self-examination and regular mammography (X-ray) screening important. A low - fat diet and moderate alcohol consumption can be important. Some researchers suggest that exercise may be helpful for pre-adolescent girls, as the age of onset of menstruation delays.

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