Swine flu - deadly or not?

Swine flu. An expression of terror is being developed on the face of the person, after hearing this. The whole world was affected by this viral disease. Many innocent people lost their lives because of this deadly disease. Swine fever is also called the flu, such as swine flu, or influenza of pigs, pork or swine flu. different types of viruses are responsible for the development of swine flu. swine influenza virus (SIV) or S-OIV (swine influenza virus origin) is a strain ofInfluenza viruses, the family responsible for the emergence of endemic in the pig.

In 2009, the tribes and C subtypes of influenza A H1N1 influenza viruses that were H1N2, H3N1, H3N2 and H2N3 included more frequently.

The swine influenza is widespread in the pig population in the world. The transmission of classical swine influenza viruses from pigs to humans is not very common, and may not always result in the development of human antibodies developed flu, but simplyblood in response to the virus. If the influence of human influenza is caused by swine influenza virus is then, as zoonotic swine. People are constantly working to a greater risk with the disease infects the swine influenza virus and the development of properly cooked pork des reduces the risk of infection, where the meat of infected pigs is a depleted. During the mid-twentieth Century, the classification of subtypes of influenza virus was possible. Tribesswine flu is rarely transmitted from person to person very much. The symptoms of swine flu in humans are similar to flu symptoms and are chills, fever, sore throat, muscle aches, headache, cough, and general weakness.

Categories virus

Of the three influenza viruses that are known in humans, influenza causes approximately two pigs are known to cause flu in which influenza A is very common and influenza C isvery rare. Influenza B is not in pigs have been reported so far. Both strains of influenza virus A and C are completely different in humans and pigs. Influenza C virus is responsible for the flu because human and pigs, but not infect birds. Transmission of the virus have been reported in the past, but due to its limited host range and lack of genetic diversity, only small outbreaks from countries like Japan and California known. The followingInfluenza A subtypes are known to cause human and swine influenza in pigs. These subtypes H1N1, H1N2, H2N3, H3N1 and H3N2. Three strains were reported to be the causative agent of swine flu in and these are H1N1, H1N2, H3N2 e.

Historical notes

Swine flu, the first proposal for human influenza in relation to the year 1918, when pigs developed symptoms similar to human influenza infection ifVirus. The identification of influenza viruses of human influenza to be the causative agent of swine fever has been done 60 years after the 1930th swine H1N1 responsible for causing serious dramatic outbreaks of swine influenza in humans e. Between 1997 and 2002, another strain of influenza virus A was held responsible for the spread of the disease difficult and it was the H3N2 strain. The main strain of influenza that is responsible for the destructive pandemicin pigs during the 1918 H1N1.

The descendants of the H1N1 virus also caused an epidemic of swine influenza in the 20th Century humans. The direct transmission of the virus from pigs to humans is very rare and only 12 cases reported since 2005 in the United States. Swine flu in humans have been reported as a zoonosis, but their distribution have contained. It caused serious damage to the pig industry, causing heavy economic losses. A pandemic of swine flu inoccurred in 1918, the H1N1 virus has been associated with influenza and the man was transferred in two pigs and humans to pigs. In 1976 an outbreak occurred in the United States, and this time the burden was on the spread of H3N2 disease. A vaccination program run to control the spread of the virus, but it is not proven to be effective. An outbreak of swine flu was also in 1988 and 1998. The Filipino people have been infected with swine influenzaInfluenza viruses.

All of us are familiar with the swine flu epidemic in 2009 as the first test showed that the genes of the virus, the pigs were very similar to those of viruses that cause influenza swine influenza in North America. The H1N1 virus was the cause of this epidemic. Margaret Chan, Director-General World Health Organization said the swine flu, as a matter of international concern, as they discovered that aboutMore than a hundred people have been infected with the disease in April 2009. pandemic of swine flu was a great end of 2009, as he was responsible for the development of anxiety when. 17 700 people lost their lives because of the flu virus. Many people lost their lives because of fear, too. To treat influenza vaccines for pigs are currently available.

Transmission of diseases

Transmission between pigs

Influenza is a very common diseasepigs and about half of the breeding pigs are infected with this virus in the United States. The antibody against this virus were often found in pigs from other countries. The disease is mainly transmitted by direct contact between infected and healthy persons. The close contacts are often observed during transport. Intensive agriculture is also a factor in the spread of disease among pigs. The virus is easily transmitted by contactPig nose, and dry mucus. Air borne transmission is also possible, as easily aerosols by coughing and sneezing went from pigs. The virus spreads very quickly and can all pigs from a farm a few days to infect. Wild boar can also serve as a source of infection for pigs from a farm.

Transmission to humans

Individuals in the intensive poultry and pig feed are involved in more risk of being infected by the virus and are responsible for zoonosesSpread of disease. Vaccination of these individuals is therefore important to prevent the occurrence of disease. meat processing workers and veterinarians are also at risk of being infected with the virus, but the chances are very low. Pigs are generally infected with the flu virus that commonly infects three species, including humans, birds and pigs. Pigs as a guest, in which the virus can act on their genes to produce more Exchangedangerous strains. The H3N2 influenza virus causes the flu in birds, is endemic in China and ready to do after entry dangerous strains rising in the pig. H3N2 has developed due to the H2N2 viruses for antigenic shift. In August 2004, scientists discovered that pigs are infected with the H5N1 virus in China. This strain has emerged from the avian influenza virus.

Signs and symptoms

In pigs

The symptoms of influenza in pigs include fever, lethargy,Sneezing, coughing, shortness of breath and decreased appetite. In some cases the abortion can take place. The mortality rate is low, but the virus can cause loss and poor growth in serious economic damage to farmers' burden. The infected pigs can lose about 12 pounds of body weight for a period of 3-4 weeks.

In humans

The main symptoms of swine flu in humans are runny nose, sore throat, fever, lethargy, anorexia, cough, nausea,Vomiting and diarrhea. Direct transfer of classical swine influenza viruses from pigs to humans from time to time is possible. Only six deaths were from 50 cases reported in the literature since 1958, in one case was that of a pregnant woman who HAD leukemia and the other was suffering from Hodgkin's disease. The epidemic of swine flu in 2009 was more intense because it is transmitted to humans more human to human rather than a percentage of pigs. Death bySwine flu is mainly due to respiratory failure. Other causes include pneumonia, high fever, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance and renal failure. Children are at increased risk of death than the elderly. Diagnosis of swine influenza H1N1 can be done in isolation of the RT-PCR for the media. Further tests are under development.

Prevention

In pigs

Spread of the virus can be determined by facility management, herd management and timely vaccination of pigs.Once the virus infected pigs are at risk of infection by other pathogens dangerous. The virus control by vaccination is not completely safe because the virus is capable of producing harmful stress. Bivalent vaccines currently are States in controlling the spread of swine influenza in the United States. These vaccines are not effective against the H3N2 strain. Facility management includes the use of disinfectants to control and temperaturethe virus to grow. The virus can not survive for more than two weeks outside the host, except for the cold and disinfectant may inactivate the virus. Herd management includes avoidance of close contact between infected pigs and healthy pigs. The virus can continue to live in carrier pigs up to three months and can always cause disease. These carrier pigs may be responsible for the spread of swine influenza virus in healthy pigs, as pigsquarantined.

In humans

Swine flu can easily be infected with avian influenza viruses and human. The spread of swine influenza virus from pigs to people is a common practice among farmers of the pig. Although no strains of swine influenza virus are currently available for the possibility of transferring people, but pigs can pass through the transfer of the right. The workers are working in the pig and veterinarians are encouraged to use the maskswhen dealing with infected people.

Vaccination can also be a method of prevention. The use of gloves, avoiding close contact with infected persons is also recommended. influenza virus from infected people to touch slightly normal people with sneezing, coughing, and something that the virus is contained and is moving or the nose or face. The virus is transmitted through the consumption of pork. The swine flu is contagious for people up to five days and mayremain infectious for up to 10 days. Children are at increased risk of infection. The diagnosis can be made by sending a copy of the document in the first five days of infection were collected.

The virus spread from person to person can be avoided by adopting standard methods to combat influenza. These methods include washing hands often with soap and water or alcohol-based disinfectants especially in public places. The use of chlorine disinfectants in particularSolution and other strong disinfectants should be used to clean houses. Experts have suggested that washing hands with soap and water may help the virus to prevent the control of touching what is not, eyes and nose, viruses can also help to prevent the spread of swine fever. Is a social distance 'measure of the remaining safe from viruses.

Vaccination

influenza vaccines are available for different types of CSF. United StatesFood and Drug Administration (FDA) approved in 2009 a vaccine against swine influenza in the United States on 15September. National Institutes of Health (NIH) has proposed that only a single dose was effective and makes enough antibodies against the virus within 10 days.

Treatment

In swine flu

The swine flu is rarely fatal for pigs and little treatment and supportive care is to prevent the spread of the virus needed. Vaccinations andanimal management techniques are the most important steps that should be respected. Antibiotics can be used, they are not quite sure how they are ineffective against viruses and may explain the symptoms of pneumonia and other secondary infections.

In humans

If a person suffers from swine influenza antiviral medications will be taken and this may help in recovery of patients. In addition to antiviral drugs for supportive care in hospitalshome and can also help speed the recovery of the patient. The FDA has recommended influenza in 2009, the use of Tamiflu and Relenza for the treatment of pigs and are completely safe.

We can see that swine influenza is a disease of attention, but little to fear, use of drugs and appropriate supportive care can help spread the disease.

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