Chemotherapy Drugs For Liver Cancer

Liver cancer can called as a metastatic cancer because in almost all cases, the cancer actually development from original cancer which has been spread to other area. But it can be specified as stage four colon cancers that cannot be recognized due to the lack of symptoms.

Your doctor may recommend to chemotherapy which is the best treatment for all cancer including liver cancer. You need to consider the best chemotherapy drugs in order to get recover from this disease faster.

Avastin is known as the best chemotherapy drugs for liver cancer. Even it is expensive, avastin can possibly extend your chances of survival by shrinking tumors for later removal.

Avastin is generally used in chemotherapy for colon cancer which shows up in the liver. The doctor may give a combination for liver cancer chemotherapy along with avastin such as Doxorubicin (Adriamycin), Cisplatin, Methotrexate, 5FU (fluorouracil), and Gemcitabine in variant doses.

Chemotherapy may give before or after surgery depending on patient's condition. But your doctor may prefer chemotherapy then surgery to remove the shrunken tumors. This happen because liver cancer usually occur when patients already have cancer in other part of body like colon cancer.

If the size of tumor is small, patient have options to do surgery first. But this condition happens in small number of cancer cases since many people have tumors in the liver that are too large for liver resection.

All chemotherapy treatment gives various side effects. But the most common chemotherapy side effects for liver cancer are lost of appetite which can be serious problem that could decrease chances of survival. But this condition can eliminate by used some drugs like marinol to increase appetite and decrease nausea.

However, the chances of survival and better quality of living are much higher than just five years ago with the great advances in cancer treatment.

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Testicular Cancer - Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prognosis

Testicular cancer occurs most often in men between the ages of 20 and 39, and is the most common form of solid tumour in men between the ages of 15 and 34. It may also occur in young boys, but only about 3% of all testicular cancer is found in this group. Tumors usually occur in one testicle, however, 2-3% of tumors can occur in both testicles, either simultaneously or at a later date. Tumors can also spread to the lymph nodes, the lungs or other organs. It is more common among Caucasians than among men of African and Asian descent.

Causes
Although the exact cause of testicular cancer is unknown, several factors seem to increase risk. These include a past medical history of undescended testicle(s), abnormal testicular development, Klinefelter's syndrome (a sex chromosome disorder that may be characterized by low levels of male hormones, sterility, development of breasts, and small testes), men whose mothers used diethylstilbestrol during pregnancy, or men who have had previous testicular cancer. There is no link between vasectomy
and elevated risk of testicular cancer.

Signs and Symptoms
The first sign is usually a firm, painless, smooth testicular mass which is sometimes accompanied by a feeling of heaviness in the testicles. Other symptoms of testicular cancer include: a feeling of swelling in the scrotum, discomfort or pain in the scrotum, ache in the lower back, pelvis or groin area, collection of fluid in the scrotum, gynecomastia and nipple tenderness. In advanced stages symptoms include: ureteral obstruction, abdominal mass, coughing, shortness of breath, weight loss, fatigue, pallor and lethargy.

Treatment
Testicular carcinoma can be treated with surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, surveillance, or a combination of these treatments. Testicular cancer may be more difficult to treat if it has spread to the liver, bones, or brain, but even in those cases, men can often be cured. If the cancer is a recurrence of a previous tumour, the treatment usually consists of chemotherapy using combinations of different medications, such as ifosfamide, cisplatin, etoposide, or vinblastine, sometimes followed by an autologous bone marrow or peripheral stem-cell transplant.

While it may be possible, in some cases, to remove testicular cancer tumors from a testis while leaving the testis functional, this is almost never done, as more than 95% of testicular tumors are malignant. Usually the scrotum is not removed so that prosthesis can be put in place. Hormone replacement therapy may be needed after bilateral orchiectomy (removal of both testes). Treatment for this condition does not normally affect sexuality, masculinity or erectile function.

Prognosis
Testicular cancer has one of the highest cure rates of all cancers: in excess of 90%; essentially 100% if it has not metastasized. Less than five percent of those who have testicular cancer will have it again in the remaining testis.

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Different Approaches to Colon Cancer Treatment

Colon cancer is a disease that affects the large intestine, an organ that absorbs the nutrients from the food, and stores and eliminates the fecal material. The large intestine has two parts, the colon and the rectum. Colon cancer occurs when tumors appear inside the colon and rectum. These tumors can be malignant, in which case they do not present any danger and they can be removed by a simple surgery, and beningn. Beningn tumors are cancerous tumors that can spread and cause life-threatening complications. If you have been diagnosed with a beningn colon tumor you must begin the colon cancer treatment as soon as possible because if the illness is left untreated it can spread to other organs such as the liver and the lungs.

There are three methods of treating colon cancer - by surgery, radiation therapy and by chemotherapy.

Colon cancer surgery is the most widely-used method of treating the disease. In colon cancer surgery, the part of the colon that has the tumor and the infected tissue on it is removed, and then the remaining parts of the colon are sewn back. Lately, colon cancer surgeries are done with the help of an instrument called laparoscope, which enables the doctors operate through a very small abdominal incision, leaving only a small scar behind.

Radiation therapy is a treatment that involves the use of high energy rays that can kill the cancer cells. The advantage of this method is that it can also kill the cancerous cells that have spread and were not detected yet.
Radiation therapy is required when the cancer has spread to another organ and the surgery can not remove it form there.
The bad part of radiation therapy is that it has side effects that include diarrhea, tiredness or bladder irritation.

Chemotherapy uses special anti cancerous drugs that are injected into the patient's blood and spread through the whole body, killing all the cancerous cells. This kind of therapy is used when the cancer has spread to many places and surgery or radiation therapy can't cover such large areas. Unfortunately chemotherapy has the worst side effects. The most common are loss of hair, loss of appetite, fatigue, easy bruising and bleeding, vomiting and diarrhea.

The method used and the survival rate depend on what stage has colon cancer advance to when the treatment begins. In the first stage the survival rate exceeds 90%, in the second stage 70%, in the third 60%, and in the fourth is goes down to somewhere around 8%. That is why it's important to pay attention at the symptoms and start the treatment as soon as you can.

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